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Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase (ALOX5)
- Target
- ALOX5
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Dioxygenase, Lipoxygenase
01
Overview
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO or ALOX5) is a non-heme iron-containing dioxygenase enzyme that catalyzes the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid. This leads to the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, which are potent proinflammatory lipid mediators involved in inflammation, immune responses, and various physiological and pathological processes. ALOX5 is the rate-limiting enzyme for leukotriene biosynthesis and is a therapeutic target for conditions like asthma and atherosclerosis. Its activity is regulated by phosphorylation, calcium ions, redox state, and interactions with accessory proteins like FLAP.
- Other names
- 5-lipoxygenase5-LO
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of leukotriene biosynthesis
03
Biological functions
Lipid peroxidationLeukotriene biosynthesisInflammationImmune responseCell death pathways (apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis)Glucose homeostasis regulationInsulin secretion regulationBone mineralizationFat cell differentiationDendritic cell migrationWound healingAdaptive humoral immunity
04
Disease associations
AsthmaAtherosclerosisCardiovascular diseaseTumorigenesisInflammationDiabetes
05
Interacting drugs
Leukotriene antagonists
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