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Poxvirus (family Poxviridae)
- Molecular classification
- Other (large enveloped double-stranded DNA virus family)
01
Overview
The term "poxvirus" refers to members of the Poxviridae family, which comprises large, complex, double-stranded DNA viruses. These viruses are brick-shaped or oval, with a lipoprotein envelope, and replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm of host cells using virus-encoded proteins[1][2][3][5]. The family includes significant human and animal pathogens, such as variola virus (smallpox), monkeypox virus, vaccinia virus, and molluscum contagiosum virus. Poxviruses can evade the immune system, are highly infectious, and can spread via direct contact, respiratory droplets, and environmental surfaces. The term "poxvirus" is not a molecular target but a virus family, so queries about receptor, enzyme, or transporter roles are not directly applicable.
- Other names
- Poxviridaepoxviruses
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of viral DNA replication (cidofovir, brincidofovir), inhibition of viral envelope formation and egress (tecovirimat)[6]
03
Biological functions
Infectionimmune evasionvirus replicationhost cell manipulationskin lesion formation
04
Disease associations
Infection (examples: smallpox, Mpox/monkeypox, molluscum contagiosum, orf, cowpox, etc.)
05
Safety considerations
Drug resistancerobust immune evasion by virushigh environmental stabilityhistorical risks of bioterrorism (smallpox)lack of widespread immunity in population post-smallpox vaccination cessation[6]
06
Interacting drugs
Cidofovir
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Detection of viral DNAviral proteins (e.g., variola virus proteins, orthopoxvirus antigens)not classical biomarkers for patient selection
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