Primary microRNA-17-92 cluster transcript (pri-miR-17-92)

The primary microRNA-17-92 cluster transcript (pri-miR-17-92), also known as MIR17HG or Oncomir-1, is a polycistronic non-coding RNA located on chromosome 13q31.3. It is processed into six mature microRNAs: miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b-1, and miR-92a-1, which collectively regulate hundreds of target mRNAs involved in the E2F cell cycle pathway, PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling, and the pro-apoptotic protein BIM. This cluster is frequently overexpressed in various malignancies, particularly B-cell lymphomas and solid tumors, where it acts as a potent oncogene by promoting cell survival and proliferation. Conversely, germline deletions of the cluster result in Feingold syndrome, characterized by skeletal abnormalities and microcephaly, highlighting its critical role in normal development. Therapeutic strategies primarily involve antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) designed to sequester specific mature miRNAs within the cluster, such as RGLS4326 for polycystic kidney disease, or experimental small molecules targeting the tertiary structure of the primary transcript to inhibit its enzymatic processing into functional miRNAs.

Other names

MIR17HGOncomir-1C13orf25miR-17-92 cluster host geneMIR17-92 cluster

Antisense inhibition of mature microRNA activity; Small molecule binding to RNA secondary structures to prevent Drosha/Dicer processing; CRISPR-mediated gene editing.