Pro-inflammatory Cytokine

Pro-inflammatory cytokines are a group of small, secreted proteins that act as key modulators and mediators of inflammation in the body. They are primarily produced by immune cells such as helper T cells (Th1), CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in response to infection, trauma, or other immune challenges. Their main function is to trigger or heighten inflammation by relaying signals that coordinate the body's immune response to fend off pathogens like bacteria and viruses. Key examples include IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α. While essential for host defense, excessive or chronic production leads to pathological conditions. A healthy state requires balance between pro‑inflammatory and anti‑inflammatory cytokines.

Inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine activity or signaling pathways.