Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21 (GPR21)

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21 (GPR21) is an orphan class A G protein-coupled receptor implicated in the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin responsiveness. It signals primarily through Gαq and Gαs proteins to influence pathways such as MAPK and cAMP accumulation, even in the absence of known endogenous ligands, due to a unique active conformation stabilized by its extracellular loop. GPR21 is widely expressed, particularly in the brain, immune tissues, and adipose tissue, and its dysregulation is associated with metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity, making it an emerging therapeutic target for these conditions

Other names

Probable G-protein coupled receptor 21GPR21putative G-protein coupled receptor 21

Modulation of Gαq and Gαs protein signaling pathways Alteration of cAMP production and MAPK cascades through receptor modulation Experimental drugs act as inverse agonists that reduce constitutive receptor activity and modulate insulin signaling