Profilin 1 (PFN1)

Profilin 1 (PFN1) is a small, highly conserved actin-binding protein found in all eukaryotic cells. The protein contains domains for actin, poly-L-proline, and phosphoinositide binding, enabling it to control actin polymerization and numerous cellular processes such as motility, division, trafficking, and signal transduction. PFN1 interacts with ligands like actin monomers, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and signaling phosphoinositides. Altered PFN1 expression or disease-associated mutations (notably in ALS) affect the cytoskeleton and contribute to pathogenesis in cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, and other diseases. PFN1 is a critical modulator of cell movement and differentiation, especially in cancer, where it acts as a suppressor of invasion and metastasis in specific contexts, and is being explored for its potential as a prognostic biomarker and drug target.

Other names

PFN1Profilin-IActin-binding protein profilin-1

Mechanisms discussed in literature are typically centered on modulation of actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Drugs or peptides that alter PFN1 expression or function might influence cancer cell motility, invasion, and possibly neurotoxicity in ALS models.