Prohibitin 1 protein (PHB1)

Prohibitin 1 protein (PHB1) is a highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed protein encoded by the PHB gene. It primarily localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it assembles with Prohibitin 2 (PHB2) into large ring-like complexes that act as chaperones to stabilize mitochondrial respiratory enzymes, maintain mitochondrial morphology, and support cellular bioenergetics. Beyond mitochondrial roles, PHB1 functions as a transcriptional coregulator in the nucleus, modulating the activity of transcription factors such as TP53 and E2F1, and participates in cell signaling at the plasma membrane[2][6]. PHB1 is involved in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, and innate immune responses. It is implicated in diverse biological processes, including modulation of oxidative stress, promotion of angiogenesis, and cellular defense against viral infection. Clinically, PHB1 has recognized or proposed roles in cancer, cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, neurodegeneration, and as a viral receptor, making it an emerging therapeutic and biomarker candidate[1][3][5].

Other names

ProhibitinPHBBAP32Band 7 family proteinRNF5-interacting protein

Modulation of mitochondrial function and integrity, Regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis, Enhancement of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant responses, Modulation of PI3K/AKT signaling (demonstrated in experimental models), Acting as a virus entry receptor (for certain viruses, e.g., Chikungunya and Dengue viruses)