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Proinflammatory Cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6)
- Molecular classification
- Cytokine, Signaling protein
01
Overview
Proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, are signaling proteins produced by activated immune cells. They initiate and amplify inflammatory responses to infection, injury, or immune activation. While essential for host defense, their overproduction can lead to tissue damage and contribute to various pathological conditions. Targeting these cytokines is a therapeutic strategy in many diseases.
- Other names
- IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-6Interleukin-1 beta, Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha, Interleukin-6Pro-inflammatory cytokines
02
Mechanism of action
Blockade/modulation of cytokine pathways, receptor antagonism, inhibition of cytokine production
03
Biological functions
Immune responseInflammationCell signalingLeukocyte recruitmentAcute phase response
04
Disease associations
InfectionInflammationAutoimmune diseasesSepsisCytokine storm syndromesCardiovascular diseasePathological pain
05
Safety considerations
Increased risk of infectionImmunosuppressionPotential for paradoxical inflammatory effectsHypersensitivity reactions
06
Interacting drugs
Anti-TNF therapies (e.g., Infliximab, Etanercept, Adalimumab)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 in sepsisIL-6 levels in chronic inflammatory disordersCytokine levels for monitoring response to anti-inflammatory therapies
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