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Prolactin Release Pathway
- Molecular classification
- Signaling Pathway, Endocrine Pathway
01
Overview
The prolactin release pathway encompasses the physiological and molecular mechanisms governing the synthesis, secretion, and action of prolactin. It is primarily regulated by dopamine (inhibitory) and estrogen/TRH/suckling (stimulatory). The pathway involves the prolactin receptor (PRLR) and downstream signaling cascades like JAK/STAT, MAPK, and PI3K/AKT. Dysregulation of this pathway is implicated in various diseases, including hyperprolactinemia and certain cancers.
02
Mechanism of action
Dopamine agonists inhibit prolactin secretion; Dopamine antagonists increase prolactin secretion; Estrogen stimulates prolactin synthesis and release.
03
Biological functions
LactationReproductive function regulationImmune regulationCell proliferationAutocrine signalingParacrine signalingHomeostasis
04
Disease associations
HyperprolactinemiaInfertilityBreast cancerProstate cancerPituitary tumors
05
Safety considerations
Side effects of dopamine agonists (e.g., nausea, dizziness, headache)Risk of hyperprolactinemia with dopamine antagonistsPotential role in cancer progression
06
Interacting drugs
Dopamine agonists (e.g., Bromocriptine, Cabergoline)
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Prolactin levelsDopamine levelsEstrogen levelsPRLR expression
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