Prostaglandin Synthesis (None)

Prostaglandin synthesis is the enzymatic pathway by which prostaglandins, a group of lipid mediators, are produced from arachidonic acid. The pathway involves the action of phospholipase A2 to release arachidonic acid, followed by cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2) which convert arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2 (PGH2). PGH2 is then converted by terminal synthases into various prostaglandins (e.g., PGE2, PGD2, PGI2) and thromboxanes. These prostaglandins regulate inflammation, vascular tone, platelet aggregation, and gastric mucosal protection. COX inhibitors like NSAIDs reduce prostaglandin synthesis and exert anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects.

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, leading to reduced prostaglandin production