Prostaglandins (PGs)

Prostaglandins are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds classified as eicosanoids, which have diverse hormone-like effects in animals and humans. They are synthesized from arachidonic acid and act locally via G-protein coupled receptors to regulate inflammation, vascular tone, reproduction, and gastrointestinal function. Drugs targeting prostaglandin synthesis or receptors are used for a variety of therapeutic purposes, including pain relief, ulcer prevention, and glaucoma management.

Other names

EicosanoidsPGs

Binding to G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) such as EP1-EP4, IP, TP, DP, and FP receptors, leading to various downstream signaling cascades depending on the receptor subtype and tissue distribution. NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis by blocking cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes.