Target intelligence / Profile preview

Prostatic Acid Phosphatase

Molecular classification
Enzyme, Phosphatase, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase
01

Overview

Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), also known as prostatic specific acid phosphatase (PSAP), is an enzyme produced primarily by the epithelial cells of the prostate gland. It catalyzes the dephosphorylation of organic monophosphate esters with optimal activity at acidic pH. Elevated serum levels are primarily found in metastatic or advanced-stage prostate cancer, but can also be increased in other conditions. Recent research indicates a role in dephosphorylating ErbB-2/Neu/HER-2, impacting tumorigenicity and androgen sensitivity. Measurement of serum PAP aids prognosis assessment for prostate cancer patients.

Other names
ACP3PSAPTM-PAPACP-3Acid phosphatase 3ACPP
02

Mechanism of action

Dephosphorylation of target proteins, including ErbB-2/Neu/HER-2

03

Biological functions

DephosphorylationSemen liquefactionPhosphate metabolismRegulation of tumorigenicityRegulation of androgen sensitivity
04

Disease associations

Prostate cancerTesticular cancerLeukemiaNon-Hodgkin's lymphomaBone diseases (Paget’s disease, hyperparathyroidism)Sickle-cell diseaseMultiple myelomaLysosomal storage diseases (Gaucher’s disease)
05

Safety considerations

Non-malignant factors can affect serum levels (gland manipulation, medications)Limited specificity as a tumor marker compared to PSA
06

Biomarkers

Elevated serum PAP levels in advanced/metastatic prostate cancerPrognosis assessment for prostate cancer patientsPrediction of recurrence after radical prostatectomy

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