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Protein disulfide-isomerase A5 (PDIA5)
- Target
- PDIA5
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme (thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase), Chaperone protein, Member of thioredoxin superfamily
01
Overview
Protein disulfide-isomerase A5 (PDIA5) is an ER-localized enzyme and chaperone belonging to the thioredoxin superfamily, with three catalytic domains that regulate the formation and rearrangement of disulfide bonds in nascent proteins. PDIA5 is widely expressed and participates in protein folding, cell stress responses, and immune modulation. In oncology, particularly gliomas, PDIA5 is upregulated and linked to increased immune cell infiltration and poor prognosis, suggesting it as a candidate therapeutic target. However, because of its fundamental role in protein homeostasis, broad targeting raises toxicity concerns, and selective inhibitors remain an area of research
- Other names
- Protein disulfide isomerase-related proteinPDIRFLJ30401protein disulfide isomerase-associated 5protein disulfide isomerase-related protein
02
Mechanism of action
Drugs that inhibit PDIA5 (and other PDIs) act by preventing disulfide bond rearrangement and protein folding, resulting in ER stress and cell death in cancer cells
03
Biological functions
Protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulumCatalysis of disulfide bond formation, isomerization, and reductionRegulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR)Chaperone activityHomeostasis of intracellular environmentModulation of immune response and inflammation
04
Disease associations
Cancer (especially gliomas, glioblastoma multiforme)Immune modulationPotentially involved in other conditions linked to defective protein folding and ER stress
05
Safety considerations
PDIs are essential for normal protein folding; inhibition may lead to ER stress and toxicity in normal cells.Therapeutic targeting is challenged by expression in various tissues, potentially leading to adverse effects outside target tissues
06
Interacting drugs
No FDA-approved drugs directly targeting PDIA5 are currently known, but general PDI inhibitors (e.g., bacitracin, PACMA31) can affect PDIA5 and related proteins
07
Biomarkers
High PDIA5 expression is a prognostic biomarker for poor outcome in glioma patients.PDIA5 expression correlates with histopathology grade, IDH wild-type status, lack of 1p/19q codeletion, and absence of MGMT promoter methylation in gliomas (each associated with aggressive disease)
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