Protein PAT1 homolog 2 (PATL2)

Protein PAT1 homolog 2 (**PATL2**) is a highly conserved RNA-binding protein involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression[1][2][3]. It contains a conserved PAT1 domain responsible for its mRNA-binding capabilities[1]. PATL2 is predominantly expressed in oocytes, with levels peaking in immature and growing oocytes and declining during oocyte maturation[3]. It acts as a translational repressor for maternal mRNAs, ensuring proper oocyte development and meiotic maturation[3]. Mutations in PATL2 have been linked to female infertility due to oocyte maturation arrest, affecting the MAPK pathway and Mos protein translation[3]. In addition to its cytoplasmic role in mRNA regulation and decay, PATL2 also facilitates the transcription of certain ion channels (like hERG/KCNH2 and KCNQ1) by interacting with components of the transcriptional machinery (e.g., TFIIE)[2]. PATL2 does not directly interact with ion channel proteins but regulates their biogenesis at the mRNA synthesis level[2]. It is essential for oocyte quality and fertility, with functional disruptions linked to reproductive disorders. No drugs currently target PATL2 directly.

Other names

PATL2Pat1ahPat1aPAT1-like protein 2Protein PAT1 homolog aprotein associated with topoisomerase II homolog 2OOMD4OZEMA4P100 (Xenopus)

Not applicable for drugs since PATL2 is not a direct drug target. Mechanistically, PATL2 acts by regulating mRNA transcription, decay, and translation of specific genes (including KCNH2/hERG and KCNQ1)[2].