Protein Surfaces

Protein surfaces represent the physical and chemical interface between a protein molecule and its surrounding environment, such as the aqueous cellular solvent or other macromolecular partners (Reference: NCBI Bookshelf, "The Protein Surface"). These surfaces are defined by the arrangement of amino acid side chains, creating unique topographies, electrostatic potentials, and hydrophobic patches that facilitate molecular recognition and biological signaling (Reference: Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, "Targeting protein-protein interactions"). In the context of pharmacology, protein surfaces are the primary sites for drug binding, including traditional active sites and more challenging protein-protein interaction (PPI) interfaces. However, "Protein Surfaces" is a collective structural term rather than a specific, individual therapeutic target like a receptor or enzyme. While computational tools and surface mapping are essential for drug discovery, the term itself is too broad to be classified as a distinct target for drug development. Consequently, it cannot be targeted selectively as a discrete entity, and therapeutic intervention always focuses on specific sites on individual protein surfaces rather than the concept of surfaces themselves.

Other names

Protein-solvent interfaceMolecular surfaceProtein exteriorSolvent-accessible surface

Not applicable as this refers to a general structural feature of all proteins rather than a specific therapeutic target.