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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 1 (PTP1B)
- Target
- PTP1B
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase
01
Overview
PTP1B is a cytoplasmic, non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase encoded by the *PTPN1* gene in humans. It is the founding member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family and plays a critical role as a negative regulator of several signaling pathways, most notably insulin signaling. The enzyme is primarily localized to the cytoplasmic face of the endoplasmic reticulum.
- Other names
- PTPN1Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 1PTPTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of PTP1B activity by small molecule inhibitors.
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionRegulation of insulin signalingRegulation of receptor tyrosine kinase signalingRegulation of endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responseRegulation of cell proliferation
04
Disease associations
Metabolic DisordersType II Diabetes MellitusObesityCancerBreast CancerNeurodegenerative DiseasesAlzheimer’s DiseaseParkinson’s DiseaseMajor Depressive DisorderCalcific Aortic Valve Disease
05
Safety considerations
High homology with related enzymes (e.g., TCPTP) complicates selective inhibition.
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