Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 3 (PTPN3)

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 3 (PTPN3) is a multidomain enzyme in the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family containing FERM, PDZ, and catalytic domains. It regulates a broad range of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, mitosis, and immune signaling, through dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues on target proteins. PTPN3 can function as either a tumor suppressor or promoter, depending on cellular context and disease state, and is involved in the regulation of receptor and ion channel activity, growth hormone signaling, and immune cell function. It interacts with cellular and viral proteins, such as the E6 oncoproteins from high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV16/18) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), via its PDZ domain, which is also implicated in controlling its enzymatic activity through autoinhibition. Dysregulation or mutation of PTPN3 is associated with tumorigenesis in various cancers, and its modulation by viral oncoproteins has implications for both cancer development and viral pathogenesis.

Other names

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 3PTPH1PTP-H1Protein-tyrosine phosphatase H1Cytoskeletal-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase

Inhibitors or modulators would work via inhibition of phosphatase activity or disruption of protein-protein interactions (e.g., via PDZ domain interactions with cellular or viral PBM motifs)