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Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA member 2 (PTP4A2 (also known as PRL-2))
- Target
- PTP4A2 (also known as PRL-2)
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), Type IVA/PRL subfamily of PTPs, Membrane-associated (via C‑terminal prenylation)
01
Overview
Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA member 2 (PTP4A2/PRL‑2) is a prenylated, membrane-associated member of the PRL/type IVA subfamily of PTPs that participates in cell signaling, promotes G1–S progression, interacts with the beta-subunit of Rab geranylgeranyltransferase II to regulate its activity, and is linked to oncogenic phenotypes when overexpressed
- Other names
- PRL-2PRL2phosphatase of regenerating liver 2PTP4A2protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A2PTPCAAX2HU-PP-1OV-1ptp-IV1aptp-IV1bprotein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 2
02
Mechanism of action
Not established for approved drugs in these sources; mechanistic rationale for inhibition would be blocking PRL-2 phosphatase activity or its membrane association/prenylation to modulate cell cycle and oncogenic signaling (inference based on functions described)
03
Biological functions
Protein tyrosine phosphatase activity in cell signalingStimulates progression from G1 to S phase during mitosisAssociates with plasma and endosomal membranes via C‑terminal prenylationInteracts with the beta-subunit of Rab geranylgeranyltransferase II (RABGGTB), potentially regulating GGT II activityInhibits geranylgeranyl transferase type II by blocking RABGGTA–RABGGTB association
04
Disease associations
Cancer/oncogenesis: overexpression confers transformed phenotype; implicated in malignant progression and cancer biologyPrognostic associations reported in breast cancer cohorts (expression correlations noted)
05
Safety considerations
Class-wide challenge: phosphatase active sites can be conserved and highly charged, making selective, cell-permeable inhibitors difficult; no specific clinical safety issues for PTP4A2 are provided in these sources (statement about difficulty is general inference; sources here do not list PTP4A2-specific safety data)
06
Biomarkers
Elevated PTP4A2 mRNA expression has been associated with clinicopathologic features and outcomes in breast cancer (prognostic value suggested)
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