Proteins and Nucleic Acids

Proteins and nucleic acids are the fundamental macromolecules that constitute the structural and functional framework of all living organisms (NCBI, 2023). Proteins are polymers of amino acids that execute nearly all cellular tasks, including catalysis of metabolic reactions, DNA replication, and responding to stimuli (Nature Education, 2014). Nucleic acids, including deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), are responsible for the storage, expression, and transmission of genetic information (NIH, 2024). In the context of pharmacology, specific proteins (such as receptors and enzymes) and specific nucleic acid sequences are targeted by drugs to treat various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases. However, the broad classification of "Proteins and Nucleic Acids" encompasses millions of distinct molecules and is not considered a single, discrete therapeutic target. Instead, it serves as a foundational category in molecular biology and biochemistry. Drug discovery efforts focus on identifying specific members within these classes that play a causal role in pathophysiology. Because this term refers to entire classes of molecules rather than a specific site of action, it cannot be modulated as a single entity by a therapeutic agent.

Other names

BiomacromoleculesBiological polymersInformational macromolecules

Not applicable as this is a broad molecular class rather than a specific target.