Proton Motive Force (Bacterial) (PMF)

The proton motive force (PMF) in bacteria is an electrochemical gradient of protons (H⁺ ions) across the bacterial cell membrane. This gradient, primarily generated by the electron transport chain, is a critical energy source for ATP synthesis, active transport, and flagellar rotation. It is maintained by proteins such as PspA and RcsB under stress conditions. Targeting bacterial PMF offers a novel approach to combat multidrug-resistant pathogens, especially in the context of antibiotic tolerance and persistence.

Other names

Electrochemical proton gradientProton electrochemical gradientΔp

Disruption of the transmembrane electrical potential (ΔΨ) or the transmembrane proton concentration gradient (ΔpH), leading to energy depletion and cell death or increased susceptibility to other antibiotics.