PTPRE antisense RNA 1 (PTPRE-AS1)

PTPRE antisense RNA 1 (PTPRE-AS1) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) located antisense to the protein-coding gene PTPRE (receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase epsilon). It is selectively upregulated in IL-4–stimulated macrophages and functions as a negative regulator of M2 macrophage activation by enhancing the expression of PTPRE through epigenetic mechanisms involving recruitment of the WDR5 histone methyltransferase complex and trimethylation of H3K4 at the PTPRE promoter. PTPRE-AS1 deficiency leads to increased M2 macrophage polarization and related inflammation, while also modulating susceptibility to allergic disease and colitis. Its expression and functional effects implicate it as an important regulator of inflammatory responses, but not as a conventional therapeutic target like a receptor, enzyme, or transporter[1][2][3].

Epigenetic modulation via binding to WDR5, facilitating H3K4me3 at the PTPRE promoter, which enhances PTPRE expression and impacts downstream MAPK/ERK signaling in macrophages[1][2][3]