Purinergic receptor P2X 2 (P2X2)

Purinergic receptor P2X 2 (P2X2) is a member of the P2X family of ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by extracellular ATP[1][2][3]. The functional channel is a trimer composed of three subunits (either homo- or heterotrimeric) and is permeable to sodium, potassium, and calcium ions. P2X2 receptors are widely expressed in neurons, especially in sensory pathways such as auditory circuits and nociceptive (pain) processing systems. Activation of the receptor by ATP leads to rapid depolarization and intracellular signaling events, mediating processes like neurotransmitter release and sensory perception. P2X2 is increasingly studied as a therapeutic target for conditions like neuropathic pain, inflammation, and auditory dysfunction, and several selective agonists and antagonists are in preclinical or early clinical development[1][3]. The structural basis for ATP gating and receptor function has been elucidated using homology models based on related P2X structures, highlighting domains critical for ligand binding and channel gating[1][2].

Other names

P2X2 receptorP2RX2ATP-gated ion channel P2X2

Agonists (such as ATP) activate the channel, resulting in rapid cation influx (Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺)[1][2][3]. Antagonists inhibit ATP binding or channel opening, thus blocking cation conductance and downstream signaling[1][2][3].