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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Purinergic Receptor P2X Subtype (P2X)
- Target
- P2X
- Molecular classification
- Ligand-gated ion channel, Receptor
01
Overview
Purinergic P2X receptors are a family of ligand-gated ion channels activated by extracellular ATP. They are trimers formed from seven possible subunits (P2X1-P2X7) and function as nonselective cation channels, mediating various physiological processes, including synaptic transmission, smooth muscle contraction, platelet aggregation, and pain signaling. P2X receptors are implicated in several diseases, including chronic pain, inflammation, neurodegeneration, and cancer, making them potential therapeutic targets.
- Other names
- ATP-gated ion channelP2X receptor family
02
Mechanism of action
Activation by extracellular ATP leading to ion channel opening and influx of Na+ and Ca²⁺, and efflux of K+ ions, resulting in membrane depolarization and downstream cellular signaling.
03
Biological functions
Fast synaptic transmissionSmooth muscle contractionPlatelet aggregationNociceptionMacrophage activationCytokine releaseMembrane depolarizationIon transport
04
Disease associations
Neuropathic painInflammatory painChronic painNeurodegenerationInflammationCancerCardiovascular disease
05
Safety considerations
Off-target effects of non-selective antagonistsPotential for subtype-specific effects and side effects
06
Interacting drugs
ATP
4 more in the full profile.
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