Target intelligence / Profile preview

Pylorus

Molecular classification: Other (anatomical structure; not classified as receptor/enzyme/transporter/etc.)

Overview

The pylorus is the funnel-shaped distal segment of the stomach that connects to the duodenum through the thickened muscular ring known as the pyloric sphincter. Its primary functions are to regulate passage of partially digested food ("chyme") from stomach to small intestine and prevent backflow from intestine into stomach. The mucosa contains glands with mucous cells and hormone-secreting G cells. Disorders include congenital hypertrophic stenosis in infants and tumors at this site. While essential for digestive tract physiology, it is not itself considered a druggable therapeutic target but may be involved surgically in treatment strategies for related diseases.

Other names: Gastric outletPyloric regionDistal stomach

Biological functions

Regulation of gastric emptyingPrevention of duodenal reflux into stomachMechanical and chemical digestion control

Disease associations

Stenosis (pyloric stenosis)Tumors/adenoma/cancer at pyloric regionGastroparesis and other motility disorders

Safety considerations

Surgical complications from procedures involving the pylorus such as gastroduodenostomy or pyloromyotomyRisk of obstruction in conditions like hypertrophic pyloric stenosisPotential for delayed gastric emptying if function impairedReflux if sphincter mechanism fails

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