Queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase accessory subunit 2 (QTRT2)

Queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase accessory subunit 2 (QTRT2) is a non-catalytic protein that forms a heterodimer with the catalytic subunit QTRT1 to create the eukaryotic tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (TGT) complex. This complex is essential for the post-transcriptional modification of certain tRNAs at the wobble position 34, where it catalyzes the exchange of guanine for queuine, producing queuosine. QTRT2 assists in the proper assembly and function of the TGT complex, thereby regulating efficient and accurate codon decoding, especially at NAU codons, and maintaining translational fidelity in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs for tyrosine, asparagine, aspartic acid, and histidine[1][2][3][5][6]. Knockout studies have shown that loss of QTRT2 disrupts queuosine modification, resulting in impaired translation, increased protein aggregation, and altered cellular metabolism. There is emerging evidence linking dysregulation of this tRNA modification pathway to neurodegenerative diseases and global cellular stress responses[3][5]. QTRT2 itself is not a direct therapeutic target or receptor, but its activity is essential for the function of the TGT enzyme complex and overall protein synthesis fidelity[1][3][4].

Other names

QTRTD1FLJ12960Queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase domain-containing protein 1