Ragweed allergen-specific T-cell receptor (Ragweed-specific TCR)

Allergen-specific T-cell receptors (TCRs) on CD4+ T cells are the primary mediators of the adaptive immune response to ragweed pollen, specifically recognizing peptides from the major allergen Amb a 1 presented by MHC II molecules such as HLA-DRB1*01:01 (Wambre et al., 2012, Science Translational Medicine). In allergic individuals, the engagement of these TCRs drives a Th2-polarized response characterized by the secretion of cytokines like IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which promote IgE production and eosinophilic inflammation (Schulten et al., 2013, Journal of Immunology). These receptors are the functional targets of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT), including sublingual tablets like Ragwitek, which aim to reprogram the immune system toward a state of clinical tolerance (FDA, 2014, Ragwitek Prescribing Information). AIT works by inducing T-cell anergy, deletion, or the expansion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) that produce IL-10 and TGF-beta to suppress the allergic cascade (Long et al., 2016, JACI). Monitoring the frequency and phenotype of these TCR-bearing cells using MHC II tetramers serves as a critical biomarker for assessing the efficacy of desensitization treatments in clinical settings.

Other names

Amb a 1-specific T-cell receptorRagweed-reactive T-cell receptorCD4+ T-cell receptor for ragweed peptide-MHC IIAmbrosia artemisiifolia-specific TCR

Induction of immune tolerance through T-cell anergy, clonal deletion, or immune deviation from a Th2-mediated allergic response to a Th1 or regulatory T-cell (Treg) response (Akdis & Akdis, 2014, JACI).