Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2)

Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 (RAC2) is a small, 21-kDa GTPase in the Rac subfamily of the Rho family of the Ras superfamily of GTPases[1][5]. RAC2 is predominantly expressed in hematopoietic cells, where it functions as a molecular switch regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics, cell migration, cell adhesion, signal transduction, ROS production via NADPH oxidase, and various immune cell-specific processes[1][3][5]. It cycles between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states, a process controlled by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs)[1][2]. RAC2 is essential for neutrophil motility, effective immune synapse formation, phagocytosis, and B and T cell differentiation. Activating or loss-of-function mutations in RAC2 are linked to syndromic immunodeficiencies, increased susceptibility to infections, and cancer cell invasiveness[2][3]. No approved drugs directly target RAC2, but it remains a candidate for targeted inhibition in cancer and as a diagnostic or prognostic marker in immunological disorders and hematological malignancies[3][2][6].

Other names

Rac family small GTPase 2RAC2ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2Small G proteinp21-Rac2EN-7GXHSPC022IMD73AIMD73BIMD73CGxRas-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 (rho family, small GTP-binding protein Rac2)rho family small GTP binding protein Rac2

Small molecule inhibition of GTPase activity (preclinical only); Interference with nucleotide binding (GDP/GTP exchange); Disruption of downstream effector binding; Modulation of ROS production via NADPH oxidase complex