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RAS Type GTPase Family (RAS GTPases)
- Target
- RAS GTPases
- Molecular classification
- Small GTPase, G protein, Enzyme
01
Overview
The RAS type GTPase family is a subset of the larger RAS superfamily of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which are monomeric proteins acting as molecular switches in numerous cellular signaling pathways. The most well-known members—HRAS, KRAS, and NRAS—are proto-oncogenes frequently mutated in human cancers. RAS-type GTPases regulate key cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, and survival/apoptosis. Mutations in HRAS/KRAS/NRAS are found in approximately 15–25% of all human tumors, often locking the protein in its active (GTP-bound) form leading to uncontrolled cell proliferation.
- Other names
- RAS familyRAS superfamilyHRASKRASNRAS
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of RAS GTPase activity or downstream signaling pathways
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionCell growthCell proliferationCell differentiationCell survivalApoptosis
04
Disease associations
Cancer
05
Safety considerations
Resistance to targeted therapiesOff-target effectsLimited therapeutic window
06
Biomarkers
HRAS mutationKRAS mutationNRAS mutation
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