Reactive Oxygen Species Generation via Photodynamic Activation (ROS Generation via PDT)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation via photodynamic activation is a biological and chemical process central to the mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this context, ROS are produced when a photosensitizer molecule, upon absorption of specific wavelengths of light, transfers energy or electrons to molecular oxygen or other substrates. This results in the formation of cytotoxic ROS such as singlet oxygen, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl radicals that can damage cellular components and induce cell death. The process involves Type I (electron/hydrogen transfer) and Type II (energy transfer) mechanisms. PDT is utilized in cancer therapy and antimicrobial treatments, however it faces limitations in light penetration depth, hypoxia resistance and off-target effects.

Other names

Photodynamic Therapy (PDT)Photodynamic ActivationROS Production by PhotosensitizationLight-activated ROS generation

Photosensitizer-mediated generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light activation, leading to oxidative damage and cell death.