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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase delta (PTPRD)
- Target
- PTPRD
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Receptor, Protein tyrosine phosphatase (receptor-type; LAR family)
01
Overview
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase delta (PTPRD) is a transmembrane protein and enzyme belonging to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, which regulates signal transduction, cell growth, differentiation, mitotic cycle, and neuronal development[1][3]. Its extracellular region contains immunoglobulin-like and fibronectin type III-like domains, contributing to cell adhesion and synaptic specificity[2][3]. PTPRD is expressed highly in the brain, especially in the cerebellum and specific peripheral tissues. It acts as the receptor for the hormone asprosin in the nervous system, influencing appetite and metabolism[1]. PTPRD has been implicated as a tumor suppressor gene and is associated with multiple human diseases, including neuropsychiatric disorders, cancer, neuropathic pain, and addiction, and is the molecular target of experimental therapeutics being studied for addiction and pain management[2][4].
- Other names
- Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type DProtein-tyrosine phosphatase deltaR-PTP-deltaPTPDHPTPHPTPDHPTPDELTARPTPDELTAreceptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase deltaprotein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, delta polypeptidePTPRD
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of phosphatase activity, affecting neuronal signaling and neuroinflammation. Modulation of STING-IFN-I pathway in neuropathic pain[2]
03
Biological functions
Signal transductionCell growthCell differentiationMitotic cycle regulationAxon guidanceCell adhesionSynaptic specificity
04
Disease associations
Cancer (notably as a tumor suppressor in several types)Neurodegenerative disease (including Alzheimer's disease)Addiction disordersNeuropathic painDevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders (autism, obsessive–compulsive disorder, restless legs syndrome)
05
Safety considerations
Potential effects on appetite and metabolism (PTPRD ablation leads to extreme leanness and anorexia)[1]Broad role in neuronal development and function may complicate therapeutic targeting
06
Interacting drugs
7-butoxy illudalic acid analog (7-BIA) (small-molecule PTPRD inhibitor)[2]
07
Biomarkers
Increased expression in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) after nerve injury (for neuropathic pain)[2]Genomic mutation as potential biomarker in tumor types (e.g., neuroblastoma)[4]
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