Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase sigma (PTPRS (or RPTPσ))

Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPRS or RPTPσ) is a transmembrane receptor belonging to the type IIB subfamily of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases[2][4]. It consists of an extracellular region with immunoglobulin-like (Ig) and fibronectin type III (FNIII) domains that mediate cell adhesion and interactions with extracellular matrix proteins (including proteoglycans), a single transmembrane domain, and two intracellular phosphatase domains (D1 and D2) responsible for signal transduction via dephosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues[2][4][7]. RPTPσ plays a crucial role in neuronal development, particularly in axon growth, synaptogenesis, and in the response to neural injury by modulating the effects of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPG) and heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG)[2][8]. Altered function or expression of RPTPσ has been implicated in neuroregeneration failure, ocular diseases like glaucoma (via modulating trabecular meshwork cell matrix balance), and may be linked to tumorigenesis and other neurological disorders[2][4][7]. Currently, there are no clinically approved drugs specifically targeting RPTPσ, but research focuses on modulating its activity for neuroregenerative or anti-fibrotic therapies[7].

Other names

RPTP sigmaPTPσProtein tyrosine phosphatase sigmaLAR family receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase sigmaPTPRSCDw338

Inhibition of tyrosine phosphatase activity (for experimental inhibitors)[7] Regulation of extracellular matrix interaction (by modulating proteoglycans)[2][4][7]