Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta (PTPRZ1) (PTPRZ1)

Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta (PTPRZ1) is a transmembrane protein-tyrosine phosphatase primarily expressed in the central nervous system, where it regulates glial cell development and neurite outgrowth (UniProt P23471). It exists in several isoforms, including a full-length receptor and a secreted proteoglycan known as phosphacan, both of which are modified by chondroitin sulfate chains (PubMed: 12660171). PTPRZ1 is significantly upregulated in various malignancies, most notably glioblastoma multiforme, where it functions as a potent driver of tumor cell invasion, proliferation, and maintenance of cancer stem cell properties (PubMed: 27510036). Due to its high expression on the surface of glioma cells compared to normal brain tissue, it is considered a promising tumor-associated antigen for targeted therapies (PubMed: 32555361). Current therapeutic strategies include the development of monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule inhibitors of its phosphatase activity, and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies designed to recognize specific PTPRZ1 epitopes (PubMed: 28259600).

Other names

PTPRZPTPZPTP-ZETARPTPZHPTPZPhosphacanPTPzetaProtein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type Z1

Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase activity; CAR-T cell-mediated targeted cell lysis; antibody-mediated signaling disruption.