Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1)

Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) is a type I transmembrane protein that plays a critical role in embryonic development and is largely absent in adult tissues, except for certain tissues and immature B lymphocytes. It is selectively overexpressed in various hematological malignancies and solid tumors, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. ROR1 contributes to tumorigenesis by inhibiting apoptosis, potentiating EGFR signaling, inducing EMT, and promoting migration/invasion and spheroid formation by cancer stem cells. Therapeutic approaches targeting ROR1 include monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and CAR-T cell therapies.

Other names

Tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR1Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1NTRKR1

Monoclonal antibodies inhibit tumor engraftment/migration/invasion by targeting ovarian CSCs expressing ROR1. Antibody-drug conjugates target extracellular ROR1 for delivery of cytotoxic agents. CAR-T cell therapies recognize surface-expressed ROR1 on malignant cells.