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Antioxidant Pathway
- Molecular classification
- Enzymatic System, Metabolic Pathway, Redox System
01
Overview
The antioxidant pathway is a complex network of molecules and enzymatic systems that protect cells from oxidative stress by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals. This pathway is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis, preventing damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids, and modulating processes such as cell growth, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Key components include enzymatic antioxidants like Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx), and non-enzymatic antioxidants like Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Tocopherols (Vitamin E), and Glutathione. The NRF2 transcription factor plays a central role in regulating the expression of many antioxidant genes.
- Other names
- Redox Homeostasis PathwayReactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Detoxification Pathway
02
Mechanism of action
Various: Enzymatic detoxification, direct ROS scavenging, transcriptional regulation of antioxidant genes.
03
Biological functions
Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) scavengingRedox BalanceCellular ProtectionRegulation of Autophagy
04
Disease associations
AgingCancerCardiovascular DiseasesNeurodegenerative DiseasesInflammation
05
Safety considerations
Potential for disrupting redox balanceOver-activation of NRF2 in certain cancers may promote chemoresistanceDosage of antioxidant supplementation
06
Interacting drugs
Chemopreventive agents
2 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Levels of ROSActivity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GPx)Glutathione levelsNRF2 expressionARE-reporter activity
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