Redox-sensitive enzymes

Redox-sensitive enzymes are a diverse group of proteins whose catalytic activities are governed by the cell's oxidation–reduction (redox) state, typically through reversible post-translational modifications such as disulfide bond formation or cysteine oxidation[1][2]. They include multiple antioxidant and metabolic enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxiredoxins, and members of the thioredoxin system[2][5]. These enzymes play crucial roles in maintaining redox homeostasis, mediating signaling events, and limiting damage from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Dysregulation of redox-sensitive enzymes is implicated in diseases involving oxidative stress, including cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases[5]. Importantly, "redox-sensitive enzymes" is a functional descriptor, not a single protein entity, and thus is not a canonical molecular target by itself; therapeutic strategies typically target individual members of this broad category.

Other names

Redox-regulated enzymesRedox-modulated enzymesOxidation-sensitive enzymes

Antioxidants may restore reduced forms or inhibit oxidation of target enzymes Pro-oxidants or redox cyclers may enhance enzyme oxidation/inactivation for cytotoxic effects (e.g., in cancer)