Regulating Qi and resolving phlegm

"Regulating Qi and resolving phlegm" (known in Chinese as Li Qi Hua Tan) is a fundamental therapeutic principle in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) rather than a specific molecular target, receptor, or enzyme. It refers to a treatment strategy designed to restore the physiological flow of vital energy (Qi) and eliminate the accumulation of pathological fluids (phlegm) that arise from organ dysfunction, particularly of the spleen and lungs. In TCM theory, the stagnation of Qi and the presence of phlegm are central to the pathogenesis of diverse conditions, including respiratory disorders, metabolic syndrome, and neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer's and depression. From a modern pharmacological perspective, this principle is implemented using complex herbal formulas like Wendan Decoction or Erchen Decoction, which do not target a single protein but instead interact with a network of biological pathways. Network pharmacology studies indicate that herbs following this principle often modulate targets such as TP53, AKT1, TNF, and IL-6, and influence biological processes like neuroinflammation, gut microbiota composition, and oxidative stress. Because this term identifies a clinical strategy and not a singular biological entity (gene or protein), it is classified as an incorrect therapeutic target in the context of conventional molecular drug discovery.

Other names

Li Qi Hua TanRegulating Qi and transforming phlegmResolving phlegm and regulating Qi理气化痰

As a TCM therapeutic principle, it operates through a multi-component, multi-target approach to restore homeostasis by promoting the circulation of 'Qi' and facilitating the metabolism of pathological 'phlegm'. Modern research suggests this principle acts via the gut-brain axis, regulation of inflammatory cytokines (TNF, IL-6), and modulation of neurotransmitter systems (tryptophan metabolism).