Regulator of G-protein signaling 1 (RGS1)

Regulator of G-protein signaling 1 (RGS1) is a cytosolic protein that functions as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for G protein alpha subunits, terminating GPCR signaling by accelerating GTP hydrolysis. RGS1 plays essential roles in immune cell migration, tissue residency, and trafficking by selectively deactivating chemokine signaling in B and T lymphocytes. It is involved in the regulation of the cell cycle and proliferation, acting as an oncogene in several cancers, including ovarian, lung, gastric, and hematological malignancies. RGS1 is associated with autoimmune diseases and chronic inflammation by modulating lymphocyte behavior. Due to its central regulatory role, RGS1 is under intensive study as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker in oncology and immunology, though clinical drug interactions have not yet been fully established.

Other names

BL34IER1IR20B-cell activation protein BL34Early response protein 1R20Immediate-early response 1Epididymis secretory protein Li 87HEL-S-87

Inhibition of RGS1 activity may suppress GPCR-mediated cell signaling by blocking GTPase acceleration on G protein alpha subunits, leading to altered chemotactic, proliferative, and inflammatory responses. RGS1 involvement in NF-kB pathway activation in cancer cells; inhibition of this pathway halts cancer cell proliferation. Modulation of immune cell trafficking via impact on chemokine receptor signaling.