Replication-competent adenovirus

Replication-competent adenovirus is an adenovirus that retains its full genomic components and retains the ability to replicate and produce new viral progeny in permissive host cells[3][5]. Unlike engineered replication-deficient adenoviruses used in gene therapy (which typically lack the E1 region), replication-competent adenoviruses can actively replicate, spread, and induce cytopathic effects[1][3]. RCA contamination is a major safety concern in the preparation of adenoviral vectors for clinical use, as these viruses can cause unintended infections in patients[5]. In research, replication-competent adenoviruses are used to study viral biology, pathogenicity, and as tools in vaccine development or oncolytic cancer therapy[1][3]. Adenovirus replication involves a coordinated process in the host cell nucleus, utilizing both viral and host proteins to replicate the linear dsDNA genome, resulting in production of infectious progeny virions[2][4][6].

Other names

Replication-competent adenovirusRCAWild-type adenovirus

Inhibition of viral DNA polymerase (for DNA polymerase inhibitors); Neutralization of viral entry (for antibodies)