Resolvin receptor

Resolvin receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that mediate the biological actions of resolvins, which are specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) derived from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids like EPA and DHA (Serhan et al., 2002). The most well-characterized members include the Resolvin E1 receptor (CMKLR1 or ChemR23) and the Resolvin D1 receptors (FPR2/ALX and GPR32) (Chiang et al., 2012). These receptors are primarily expressed on leukocytes, including neutrophils and macrophages, where they signal to actively terminate the inflammatory response. Upon activation, they inhibit further neutrophil recruitment, promote the non-phlogistic recruitment of monocytes, and stimulate the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and microbes to clear cellular debris (Serhan, 2014). Because they promote the active resolution of inflammation rather than simply blocking inflammatory pathways, these receptors are attractive therapeutic targets for chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and atherosclerosis (Dalli et al., 2013). Several resolvin analogs and small-molecule agonists are currently being investigated in clinical and preclinical studies for their potential to treat inflammatory conditions without the immunosuppressive side effects associated with traditional anti-inflammatory drugs.

Other names

Specialized pro-resolving mediator receptorSPM receptorN-formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2)ALX/FPR2Chemerin chemokine-like receptor 1 (CMKLR1)ChemR23G protein-coupled receptor 32 (GPR32)G protein-coupled receptor 18 (GPR18)ERV1DRV1DRV2

Agonism of specific G protein-coupled receptors to activate pro-resolving signaling pathways that limit neutrophil infiltration and enhance macrophage-mediated clearance of apoptotic cells.