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Ribonuclease H (RNase H)
- Target
- RNase H
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Endoribonuclease
01
Overview
RNase H is a family of endoribonucleases that specifically hydrolyze the RNA strand of RNA-DNA hybrids. These enzymes are found in all domains of life and play crucial roles in DNA replication, repair, transcription, and viral replication. There are three main classes: RNase H1, RNase H2, and RNase H3. RNase H activity is essential for maintaining genome stability and preventing the accumulation of aberrant nucleic acid structures. Inhibiting viral RNases H is a potential antiviral therapeutic strategy.
- Other names
- RNase H1RNase H2RNase H3
02
Mechanism of action
Hydrolysis of RNA strand in RNA-DNA hybrids; inhibition of viral RNase H
03
Biological functions
Removal of RNA primers during DNA replicationR-loop resolutionDNA repair intermediate processingViral RNA degradation (retroviruses)Genome stability maintenance
04
Disease associations
Aicardi-Goutières syndromeGenome instabilityInfection (viral)Other
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effectsResistance development (viral RNase H inhibitors)
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