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Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 (RPPH1)
- Target
- RPPH1
- Molecular classification
- Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), Ribozyme, RNA component of ribonucleoprotein; not an enzyme, receptor, transporter, or classical therapeutic target
01
Overview
Ribonuclease P RNA component H1 (RPPH1), also known as H1 RNA, is the RNA element of the human RNase P ribonucleoprotein complex, which acts as an endoribonuclease essential for processing the 5' leader sequences from precursor tRNAs, allowing their maturation into functional tRNAs. RPPH1 is a long non-coding RNA that, in addition to its fundamental role in RNA processing, has noncanonical regulatory activities in various cellular and disease processes, including cancer progression and inflammation. RPPH1 is transcribed by RNA polymerase III and is present as a single functional gene in the human genome. Although not a therapeutic target in the classic sense (such as receptor, enzyme, or transporter), its dysregulation in several cancers and its impact on cellular pathways mark it as a molecule of biological and prognostic interest, particularly as a biomarker.
- Other names
- H1 RNAH1RNARPPH1-1
02
Biological functions
RNA processing (specifically, maturation of tRNA 5′ ends)Regulation of small non-coding RNA transcriptionRegulation of cell senescence, cell proliferation, and inflammationInfluence on macrophage polarization
03
Disease associations
Cancer (promotion of colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis; poor prognosis in breast and esophageal cancer)Cellular senescenceInflammationAcute myeloid leukemia (AML)Other (e.g., potential involvement in hypoxia response)
04
Biomarkers
High serum RPPH1 as a marker of poor prognosis and low survival in esophageal cancer
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