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Ribosomal RNA from Lactobacillus (rRNA (not specific to Lactobacillus, but used for ribosomal RNA generally))

Target
rRNA (not specific to Lactobacillus, but used for ribosomal RNA generally)
Molecular classification
Ribonucleic acid (RNA), Non-coding RNA, Ribosomal RNA, Catalytic RNA (Ribozyme)
01

Overview

Ribosomal RNA from *Lactobacillus* comprises several types: 16S rRNA forms the backbone of the small (30S) ribosomal subunit, providing the decoding center for mRNA/tRNA pairing; 23S rRNA and 5S rRNA form the catalytic core of the large (50S) subunit, orchestrating peptide bond formation and ensuring correct polypeptide exit[2][1]. Ribosomal RNA is transcribed from ribosomal DNA and binds specifically to ribosomal proteins to assemble ribosomal subunits. Its sequence and structure are highly conserved, but the distinct bacterial rRNA allows selective targeting by antibiotics. Minor nucleotide modifications of bacterial rRNAs contribute to ribosome stability and may affect drug susceptibility[3][1]. In *Lactobacillus*, as in other bacteria, rRNA is non-coding and is fundamental for protein synthesis and cell viability[2][1].

Other names
Bacterial rRNA16S rRNA23S rRNA5S rRNA
02

Mechanism of action

Drugs inhibit ribosomal function by binding to functional sites on rRNA, thereby blocking mRNA translation, tRNA binding, or peptide elongation

03

Biological functions

Catalysis of peptide bond formation (peptidyl transferase activity)Structural framework for ribosome assemblyBinding and positioning of mRNA and tRNA during translationRegulation of translation and gene expression (via methylation and organization)
04

Disease associations

Infection: targeted by antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growthOther: Antibiotic resistance can develop due to rRNA mutations
05

Safety considerations

Bacterial rRNA targeting antibiotics sometimes affect mitochondrial rRNA in humans, leading to toxicity (ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity); however, bacterial rRNA is generally distinct enough to be selectively targetedResistance can emerge via mutations or methylation alterations in rRNA, reducing drug efficacy
06

Interacting drugs

Aminoglycosides (e.g., gentamicin, streptomycin): bind 16S rRNA in the decoding center of the 30S subunit

3 more in the full profile.

07

Biomarkers

16S rRNA gene: used extensively for bacterial identification and taxonomy, including for *Lactobacillus*Methylation status of rRNA: can indicate susceptibility to antibiotics and ribosome assembly integrity

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