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Ribosomal RNA processing 15 homolog (RRP15)
- Target
- RRP15
- Molecular classification
- Ribosome biogenesis factor, Nucleolar protein, Ribosomal RNA-processing protein, Other (not an enzyme, receptor, ion channel, or transporter but involved in ribosome assembly)
01
Overview
Ribosomal RNA processing 15 homolog (RRP15) is a nucleolar protein required for nucleolar formation and the biogenesis of ribosomes, functioning in both pre-40S and pre-60S subunit maturation. It regulates pre-rRNA transcription, processing, and assembly of ribosomal subunits. RRP15 is upregulated in several cancers, including colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma, and correlates with poor prognosis and increased tumor aggressiveness. Suppressing RRP15 impairs cell proliferation and metastasis by inducing ribosome and nucleolar stress, activating distinct cell cycle checkpoints in p53-proficient versus p53-deficient cells. This supports its role as a candidate cancer therapeutic target and predictive biomarker
- Other names
- RRP15-like proteinKIAA0507CGI-115Ribosomal RNA-processing protein 15RRP15 (alternative abbreviation)
02
Mechanism of action
Induction of ribosome stress and nucleolar stress (upon inhibition/knockdown) Activation of p53 checkpoint (cell cycle arrest in p53-proficient cells) ATR-Chk1-γH2AX pathway activation (cell death in p53-deficient cells)
03
Biological functions
Ribosome biogenesisrRNA transcriptionrRNA processingPre-ribosome subunit assemblyNucleolar formationCell cycle regulationApoptosis induction (when deficient or inhibited)Checkpoint control
04
Disease associations
Cancer (notably colorectal and hepatocellular carcinoma; associated with tumor proliferation, metastasis, prognosis)Other (potential for broader roles via ribosome dysfunction, but cancer is primary in literature)
05
Safety considerations
Potential cytotoxicity due to impaired global ribosome biogenesis in non-cancerous cellsDisrupting essential ribosomal function may affect normal rapidly proliferating tissuesSelectivity for cancer cells over normal cells (checkpoint activation pathways differ by p53 status)
06
Biomarkers
High RRP15 expression as a prognostic marker in colorectal carcinoma (associated with poor prognosis and advanced stage)RRP15 knockdown as a predictor of therapeutic efficacy (suppression of tumor growth/metastasis)
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