RIG-I-like receptor (RLR)

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are a family of intracellular pattern recognition receptors functioning as key sensors for viral RNA within the cytoplasm, essential for the innate immune response to viral infection. The best characterized member, RIG-I (DDX58), detects 5'-triphosphorylated double- or single-stranded RNA from viruses and initiates a signaling cascade via the adaptor MAVS, ultimately inducing transcription of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines[2][1][3][4][5]. Other members include MDA5, which preferentially binds long dsRNA, and LGP2, which modulates the activity of RIG-I and MDA5. RLR signaling protects against diverse RNA viruses but must be tightly regulated; dysregulation or chronic activation can contribute to autoimmune and autoinflammatory conditions as well as pathology in infection and cancer settings[4][5][1][3].

Other names

Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptorRetinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptorRLRRIG-I (DDX58)MDA5LGP2