RIMS-binding protein 1 (RIMBP1)

RIMS-binding protein 1 (RIMBP1, encoded by the TSPOAP1 gene) is a large cytoplasmic protein localized at the presynaptic active zone, where it serves as a scaffold for neurotransmitter release. It interacts with the translocator protein (TSPO) and may bind peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors, but its principal role is in the regulation of synaptic transmission via the recruitment and stabilization of voltage-gated calcium channels essential for neurotransmitter secretion. TSPOAP1 is expressed in the brain and mitochondria, and dysfunction or genetic variants are associated with neurological disorders, notably dystonia 22 (adult-onset and juvenile-onset), and may be implicated in neuroinflammatory, psychiatric, metabolic diseases, and cancer. The molecular family is distinct from classical receptors, ion channels, or enzymes—it is classified as a presynaptic scaffold/active zone protein (other). There are no approved drugs targeting TSPOAP1/RIMBP1, and no validated biomarkers or specific safety concerns have been reported.

Other names

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor-associated protein 1TSPOAP1BZRAP1KIAA0612PRAX-1PBR-IPRIMBP1DYT22RIM-BP1benzodiazepine receptor (peripheral) associated protein 1Peripheral benzodiazepine receptor-interacting protein