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RNA Polyadenylation (Poly(A))

Target: Poly(A)
Molecular classification: Post-transcriptional modification, RNA processing

Overview

RNA polyadenylation is a post-transcriptional modification process involving the addition of a poly(A) tail (a string of adenine nucleotides) to the 3' end of RNA molecules, primarily mRNA. This process is crucial for mRNA stability, nuclear export, translation efficiency, and regulation of gene expression. In eukaryotes, it is essential for mRNA maturation, while in prokaryotes, it typically marks RNAs for degradation. The process is catalyzed by poly(A) polymerase (PAP) and involves various cleavage and polyadenylation factors.

Other names: mRNA polyadenylation3' end processingPoly(A) tail addition

Mechanism of action

N/A

Biological functions

mRNA stabilityNuclear exportTranslation efficiencymRNA degradationGene expression regulation

Disease associations

Cancer (through regulation of oncogenes/tumor suppressors)Neurodegenerative diseases (through dysregulation of RNA metabolism)Infectious diseases (regulation of viral mRNA)Other (implicated in various genetic disorders)

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