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Target intelligence / Profile preview
DNA-directed RNA Polymerase II (Pol II)
- Target
- Pol II
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, RNA Polymerase, Transcription factor
01
Overview
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is a multi-subunit enzyme complex in eukaryotic cells responsible for transcribing DNA into precursor messenger RNA (mRNA), as well as most small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and microRNAs. It's essential for gene expression and regulation. Pol II consists of 12 subunits, with RPB1 containing a unique carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) crucial for its function. It requires general transcription factors to initiate transcription. Its activity is highly regulated throughout initiation, elongation, and termination. Pol II transcribes all protein-coding genes in eukaryotes and many regulatory noncoding RNAs, and its proper function is fundamental for normal development and physiology. Disruption or mutation can lead to severe disorders or diseases.
- Other names
- RNA polymerase IIRNAP IIPol2RPB1POLR2A
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of RNA polymerase II activity, leading to reduced or abolished transcription.
03
Biological functions
Transcription initiationTranscription elongationmRNA synthesissnRNA synthesismicroRNA synthesisGene expression regulation
04
Disease associations
CancerDevelopmental disordersGenetic disordersViral infection
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to the essential role of Pol II in cellular function.Potential for drug resistance.Significant toxicity if globally inhibited.
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