Rotator cuff (RC)

The rotator cuff is a functional and anatomical unit consisting of four muscles—the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis—and their associated tendons that surround the glenohumeral joint (StatPearls, NBK541098). Its primary biological role is to stabilize the humeral head within the glenoid cavity and facilitate a wide range of shoulder movements, including internal and external rotation and abduction (Mayo Clinic, 2023). Pathologies of the rotator cuff, such as tears, tendinitis, and impingement syndrome, are leading causes of shoulder pain and disability (OrthoInfo, AAOS, 2022). These conditions often result from acute trauma or chronic degenerative changes associated with aging and repetitive overhead activity (PubMed, PMC6435096). While various pharmacological agents like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and corticosteroids are used to manage symptoms, they target specific molecular pathways, such as cyclooxygenase enzymes or glucocorticoid receptors, rather than the rotator cuff structure itself (PubMed, PMC7354708). Emerging therapies, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stem cell injections, aim to promote tissue healing but also target cellular signaling pathways rather than the cuff as a single receptor (PubMed, PMC8231534). Consequently, the rotator cuff is classified as an anatomical region rather than a discrete molecular therapeutic target.

Other names

Musculotendinous cuffSITS muscles

Not applicable; the rotator cuff is an anatomical structure, not a molecular target.