Rotavirus VP7 and VP4 capsid proteins (G and P serotype antigens)

Rotavirus VP7 and VP4 are structural proteins found in the outer capsid of rotaviruses that define the serotype of the virus. These proteins are considered critical for vaccine development as they are targets for neutralizing antibodies that may provide both serotype-specific and cross-reactive protection[2]. The VP7 protein is glycosylated and determines the G serotype, with at least 14 G serotypes identified[2]. VP4 determines the P serotype. Genetic and antigenic variation has been recorded within G1, G2, G3, and G4 serotypes[1]. G9 strains may be more susceptible to genetic change than these other serotypes. Amino acid substitutions on the VP7 and other proteins like NSP4 have been identified in regions known to influence function and may contribute to the emergence and increased dominance of certain outbreak strains[1]. Four G types (G1, G2, G3, and G4) in conjunction with P1A or P1B[4] represented over 88% of the strains analyzed worldwide. Serotype G9 viruses associated with P1A or P2A have been emerging since the late 1990s and now represent approximately 4% of global isolates[2]. More recently, G12P rotaviruses have become increasingly predominant[5]. Implementation of effective rotavirus vaccine programs needs to take into account the geographical variation of prevalent strains. Continued identification of the most common G and P serotypes for inclusion in vaccines is an important priority. After the introduction of a vaccine candidate, monitoring of circulating strains may be necessary, as vaccine pressure may lead to the selection of novel rotavirus strains[2][5].

Other names

Rotavirus outer capsid proteinsRotavirus serotype antigensG serotype antigensP serotype antigens

Vaccines elicit neutralizing antibodies against VP7 and VP4 proteins that provide both serotype-specific and cross-reactive protection