Ryanodine Receptor (RyR)

The ryanodine receptor (RyR) is a large intracellular calcium channel located on the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum. It mediates the release of calcium ions from intracellular stores into the cytoplasm, playing a critical role in excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells and various calcium signaling pathways in other cell types. RyRs are regulated by a variety of factors, including ions, small molecules, and proteins, and their dysfunction is implicated in several diseases, including malignant hyperthermia and cardiac arrhythmias. There are three main isoforms: RyR1 (skeletal muscle), RyR2 (cardiac muscle), and RyR3 (brain and other tissues).

Other names

RYRCalcium release channel

Modulation of calcium release from intracellular stores via direct interaction with the ryanodine receptor, affecting its gating properties and calcium permeability. This includes stabilization of the closed state, sensitization to calcium activation, or inducing channel opening/locking depending on the specific ligand and concentration.